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  • January 6, 2023

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IN NEWS : A National Green Hydrogen Mission worth 19,744 crores was approved by the Union Cabinet.

Do you Know?

  • HYDROGEN, a crucial industrial fuel. Ammonia, a crucial fertiliser, steel, refineries, and power may all be produced using hydrogen
  • All current hydrogen production, though, is the so-called “black or brown” hydrogen made from coal.
  • GREY HYDROGEN, is made from natural gas, whereas “blue” hydrogen is made from fossil fuels with techniques that ensure the carbon exhaled is collected.
  • GREEN HYDROGEN is created when water is electrolyzed to create hydrogen and oxygen using electricity produced by renewable energy sources like solar or wind.
  • Due to its high production costs, green hydrogen now makes up less than 1% of the world’s total hydrogen output.

National Green Hydrogen Mission

  • According to the Mission “Facilitate demand generation, production, utilisation, and export of Green Hydrogen,” It seeks to establish India as a “global hub” for the use, production, and export of green hydrogen.
  • The mission has set a goal to build a green hydrogen production capacity of at least 5 MMT (Million Metric Tonne) annually in order to encourage the commercial production of the fuel and make India a net exporter of it.
  • This is alongside adding renewable energy capacity of about 125 GW (gigawatt) in the country. 

Submissions

There are two sub-missions under the program:

  • the Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition Programme (SIGHT), which will provide funding for residential electrolyzer production and green hydrogen.
  • Support experimental production methods and end-use industries.
  • States and regions capable of supporting large-scale production and/or utilisation of hydrogen will be identified and developed as Green Hydrogen Hubs. 

Significance 

  • It will require the decarbonization of the transportation, energy, and industrial sectors
  • It can be utilised to produce power or as fuel in businesses or automobiles;reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels and feedstock;
  • establishing employment possibilities, o building up domestic manufacturing capacity,
  • creating new technologies like effective fuel cells.

 Challenges

• Green hydrogen development is still in the nascent stages globally and while India can take the lead in being a major producer, it doesn’t have the necessary infrastructure yet.

  • Green hydrogen system end-to-end optimization can be expensive and extremely difficult.

• A small pool of skilled workers.

• Transporting and storing green hydrogen is exceedingly difficult.

  • It is a highly flammable gas with a low volumetric density, requiring investment in specialized pipelines and carriers.

• Extreme energy losses Every step of the supply chain results in significant energy losses for green hydrogen.

• Limited bankability due to decreased awareness about the best design and return on investment.

Suggestions and Way Ahead 

  • • Green hydrogen is regarded as the most trustworthy source of energy for the future because it is created using a clean procedure.
  • • India needs to develop both its huge industrial sectors and the infrastructure of its small manufacturing and related businesses if it is to achieve its goals.
  • • India has to make incentives public in order to persuade enough industrial hydrogen users to switch to green hydrogen.
  • • In order to ensure that lakhs of people can be properly trained to adapt to a viable green hydrogen economy, it must construct supply chains in the form of pipelines, tankers, intermediate storage, and last-leg distribution networks. It must also put in place an effective skill development programme.

Mains Practise Question 

[Q]DISCUSS about the National Green Hydrogen Mission’s goals.WHY India’s desire to become a LEADING EXPORTER

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